This information is from Robyn Bowman Ancient Greece for Senior Students, published by Thomson Social Science Press, Australia, 2007.
Most ancient Greeks believed in dozens of gods and other semi-devine beings. The well-known Olympic gods, headed by Zeus, included Aphrodite, Apollo, Ares, Artemis, Athena, Hephaestus, Hera, Hermes and Poseidon. Sometimes others such as Demeter, Dionysys and Hades were also counted among the 12 Olympic gods.
Outside the Olympic family were gods with deeper links to nature and time. For example, Gaea (goddess of the Earth) and Chronos (god of eternal time).
Ther were also gods such as Asciepius (medicine) and Themis (law) with specific responsibilities and countless lesser deities [Gods]. For example Giants, Titans, heroes, nymphs, spirits and muses [said to inspire different thoughts and talents and to story tell].
Mortals (Humans, opposite of immortals who can never die0 famed for heroic deeds were also revered [honoured]. In Homer's epic peoms The Iliad and the The Odyssey, characters such as Achilles, Hector and Odysseus acquire god-like qualities.
In absence of sacred writings, [which means there are no bible-like books found] works by poets Homer and Hesiod provide evidence of the nature [character] and behaviour of the gods. Greek gods were anthropomorphic, and Homer describes them as having the same personality flaws as mortals [us]. They could be jealous, cruel, stubborn, mean and cunning, and were not beyond deceit [telling lies, betrayal and adultery. Even the Greeks ntoiced that they had made their gods in their own image and some Greeks, especially sceptical [questioning and wont just believe everything they are told] , saw the potential weakness in the Greek view of divine beings. Xenophanes sarcastically wondered, if humans saw gods as looking and behaving like humans, whether oxen would imagine the gods to be oxen-shaped.
Religion often provides guidelines [eg the Ten Commandments in Christianity] and security for its followers. Greek gods were not quite so reliabl, and Greeks were forced to use oracles [a person who interprets the wishes of the gods] and divination [predicting the future by interpreting omens] and giving offerings to the gods to secure their well-being.
Oracles were priests or priestesses who could interpret the will of the gods for a fee. Of all the Oracles, the Oracle at Delphi was the most famous in ancient Greece. She was called the Pythia and, according to her believers, could predict the future by interpreting the will of the god Apollo.
At Dodona, the priests of Zeus claimed to be able to foretell the future from the way the wind rustled oak leaves. Omens and signs such as thunder, unexpectedly meeting someone in the morning, and unusual birth, an epileptic fit or even a sneeze were interpreted by religious experts. The behaviour of eagles, Zeus's sacred bird, was especially significant.
Offerings were made to the gods to secure the god's favour.
Wine was poured (libations), animals were sacrifed, temples and monuments built, statues made and processions and festivals organised to appease or please the gods. Most Greek city states had their own special god but one of the unifying factors in ancient Greece was the fact that they shared the same religious beliefs about their pantheon or group of all the gods. Important sactuaries at Olympia and Eleusis were typical of sacred places or precincts and these were attended by all Greeks.
During festivals at these sanctuaries, sacred truces [no fighting] were declared between the Greek city states. While this did not mean that all wars stopped, the participating cities and their citizens were legally protected during a truce. People travelling to and from a sanctuary to worship during a truce were also protected. At Epidaurus, famous for its theatre, the sanctuary of Asceiepius offered followers miraculous cures. While sleeping at the sanctuary, pilgrims [religious visitors] would dream that Asciepius (Apollo's son) treated their illnesses or explained what they should do to be cured.
Questions about this information 1. Does Christianity provide security and peace of mind for Christian followers? 2. Do Christians sacrifice animals on alters to get the gods to favour [like] them? 3. Do Christians go to their churches and ministers to find out the future? 4. Did Maori pray or sacrifice to their gods in order to be in the good books with their gods?
WAS THE AFTERLIFE A COMFORTABLE PLACE ACCORDING TO THE ANCIENT GREEKS?
Comparing Greek or Roman mythology about creation with either Maori mythology or Bible stories.
Term Two:
Demonstrate Understanding of an event that occurred as a result of Hitler's war against the Jews or Britain either prior to or during WW2.
Eg: The Wannasee Conference, The Battle of Britain or the Night of the Broken Glass.Term One:
DID THE GODS OFFER THE GREEKS SECURITY?
This information is from Robyn Bowman Ancient Greece for Senior Students, published by Thomson Social Science Press, Australia, 2007.Most ancient Greeks believed in dozens of gods and other semi-devine beings. The well-known Olympic gods, headed by Zeus, included Aphrodite, Apollo, Ares, Artemis, Athena, Hephaestus, Hera, Hermes and Poseidon. Sometimes others such as Demeter, Dionysys and Hades were also counted among the 12 Olympic gods.
Outside the Olympic family were gods with deeper links to nature and time. For example, Gaea (goddess of the Earth) and Chronos (god of eternal time).
Ther were also gods such as Asciepius (medicine) and Themis (law) with specific responsibilities and countless lesser deities [Gods]. For example Giants, Titans, heroes, nymphs, spirits and muses [said to inspire different thoughts and talents and to story tell].
Mortals (Humans, opposite of immortals who can never die0 famed for heroic deeds were also revered [honoured]. In Homer's epic peoms The Iliad and the The Odyssey, characters such as Achilles, Hector and Odysseus acquire god-like qualities.
In absence of sacred writings, [which means there are no bible-like books found] works by poets Homer and Hesiod provide evidence of the nature [character] and behaviour of the gods. Greek gods were anthropomorphic, and Homer describes them as having the same personality flaws as mortals [us]. They could be jealous, cruel, stubborn, mean and cunning, and were not beyond deceit [telling lies, betrayal and adultery. Even the Greeks ntoiced that they had made their gods in their own image and some Greeks, especially sceptical [questioning and wont just believe everything they are told] , saw the potential weakness in the Greek view of divine beings. Xenophanes sarcastically wondered, if humans saw gods as looking and behaving like humans, whether oxen would imagine the gods to be oxen-shaped.
Religion often provides guidelines [eg the Ten Commandments in Christianity] and security for its followers. Greek gods were not quite so reliabl, and Greeks were forced to use oracles [a person who interprets the wishes of the gods] and divination [predicting the future by interpreting omens] and giving offerings to the gods to secure their well-being.
Oracles were priests or priestesses who could interpret the will of the gods for a fee. Of all the Oracles, the Oracle at Delphi was the most famous in ancient Greece. She was called the Pythia and, according to her believers, could predict the future by interpreting the will of the god Apollo.
At Dodona, the priests of Zeus claimed to be able to foretell the future from the way the wind rustled oak leaves. Omens and signs such as thunder, unexpectedly meeting someone in the morning, and unusual birth, an epileptic fit or even a sneeze were interpreted by religious experts. The behaviour of eagles, Zeus's sacred bird, was especially significant.
Offerings were made to the gods to secure the god's favour.
Wine was poured (libations), animals were sacrifed, temples and monuments built, statues made and processions and festivals organised to appease or please the gods. Most Greek city states had their own special god but one of the unifying factors in ancient Greece was the fact that they shared the same religious beliefs about their pantheon or group of all the gods. Important sactuaries at Olympia and Eleusis were typical of sacred places or precincts and these were attended by all Greeks.
During festivals at these sanctuaries, sacred truces [no fighting] were declared between the Greek city states. While this did not mean that all wars stopped, the participating cities and their citizens were legally protected during a truce. People travelling to and from a sanctuary to worship during a truce were also protected. At Epidaurus, famous for its theatre, the sanctuary of Asceiepius offered followers miraculous cures. While sleeping at the sanctuary, pilgrims [religious visitors] would dream that Asciepius (Apollo's son) treated their illnesses or explained what they should do to be cured.
Questions about this information
1. Does Christianity provide security and peace of mind for Christian followers?
2. Do Christians sacrifice animals on alters to get the gods to favour [like] them?
3. Do Christians go to their churches and ministers to find out the future?
4. Did Maori pray or sacrifice to their gods in order to be in the good books with their gods?
WAS THE AFTERLIFE A COMFORTABLE PLACE ACCORDING TO THE ANCIENT GREEKS?
Comparing Greek or Roman mythology about creation with either Maori mythology or Bible stories.
General Resource:
http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab83
http://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Mythology/
https://docs.google.com/a/opotikicol.school.nz/document/d/1U61speVTKwDdhGblHelLlld2IP917qOcjl-KLSJQS8I/edit?usp=sharing
https://docs.google.com/document/d/128DqzjyRIvvs_OnIz-PIMqzAVGPozuN_zNiC3olNqEA/edit?usp=sharing
Your first assessment
PRIMARY RESOURCES - GREEK
http://global.oup.com/us/companion.websites/9780195397703/student/archives/hesiod/
Secondary Resources - Greek
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LxoRWD-RwtUhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MSEsh6jgHE
Primary Resources - Roman
Secondary Resources - Roman
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/romans/religion/http://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Mythology/
PRIMARY RESOURCES - BIBLE
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+1&version=ESVhttps://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+1&version=GNT
Secondary Resources - Bible
http://christiananswers.net/q-eden/edn-ordercreation.htmlhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ean_aMNkAgM